The Ministry of Health continuously evaluates health system performance and health status of the people through monitoring the prevalence and incidence of diseases and risk factors. Due to the immense importance of health research in improving the health system and health service, the decision to prioritise health research was the first step in the direction to enhance health research and thereby enhance health service in Oman by the Centre of Studies & Research. Accordingly it was necessary that the Ministry of Health decide on the priority areas for health research as part of its planning for the future.